Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative Colitis – Complete Overview
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the colon and rectum. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and often fluctuate between flare-ups and remission.
Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis
Common symptoms include:
- Abdominal pain and cramping
- Diarrhea, often with blood or pus
- Urgency to have bowel movements
- Weight loss and fatigue
- Fever during flare-ups
Causes of Ulcerative Colitis
The exact cause is unknown, but factors may include:
- Immune system dysfunction causing inflammation
- Genetic predisposition
- Environmental factors and gut microbiome imbalance
- Stress may trigger flare-ups (though not a direct cause)
Treatment Options for Ulcerative Colitis
Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, managing symptoms, and preventing complications:
Lifestyle & Home Care
- Eat a balanced, easily digestible diet and avoid trigger foods
- Stay hydrated and manage stress effectively
- Exercise moderately to maintain overall health
- Keep a symptom diary to track flare-ups
Medications & Medical Treatment
- Aminosalicylates to reduce inflammation in the colon
- Corticosteroids for short-term flare control
- Immunomodulators or biologics for moderate to severe cases
- Surgery may be considered if medications fail or complications arise
With timely diagnosis and proper management, ulcerative colitis can be controlled, improving quality of life and preventing complications.
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